Brain Stroke

A brain stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, leading to brain cell damage or death. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention. Strokes can be caused by a blocked artery (ischemic stroke) or a burst blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). Early treatment can significantly improve recovery and reduce complications.

Symptoms

The FAST method helps identify stroke symptoms quickly:

  • F – Face drooping: One side of the face may droop or feel numb.
  • A – Arm weakness: Difficulty raising one or both arms.
  • S – Speech difficulty: Slurred or confused speech.
  • T – Time to call emergency services: Seek immediate medical help.

Other symptoms may include:

  • Sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg (especially on one side)
  • Trouble seeing in one or both eyes
  • Loss of balance or coordination
  • Severe headache with no known cause
  • Confusion or difficulty understanding speech

Treatment

Emergency Medical Treatment

  • Ischemic Stroke (Blocked Artery):

    • Clot-busting drugs (tPA) – Must be given within a few hours to restore blood flow.
    • Mechanical thrombectomy – A procedure to remove the clot.
  • Hemorrhagic Stroke (Bleeding in the Brain):

    • Surgery – To repair a ruptured blood vessel or remove excess blood.
    • Medications – To control blood pressure and prevent further bleeding.

Recovery & Rehabilitation

  • Physical therapy – Helps regain movement and strength.
  • Speech therapy – Improves communication if speech is affected.
  • Occupational therapy – Assists in relearning daily activities.

Stroke Prevention

  • Managing high blood pressure and diabetes
  • Eating a healthy diet low in salt and cholesterol
  • Exercising regularly
  • Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol intake
  • Taking prescribed medications to prevent clots

A stroke is a life-threatening condition, and acting fast can save lives. If you or someone you know experiences stroke symptoms, seek emergency medical help immediately.

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